class Book: # a structure that represents a book
    """This class represents a book-type publication. A book has the following attributes: title, author, publisher, location and year."""
    def __init__(self,title,author,publisher,location,year): #to instantiate books
        self.title = title
        self.author = author
        self.publisher = publisher
        self.location = location
        self.year = year
    
    #function for a book to cite itself in APA format
    def citeApa(self): 
        return "{} ({}). {}. {}: {}.".format(self.author,self.year,self.title,self.location,self.publisher)        
        
    #function for a book to cite itself in MLA format
    def citeMla(self): 
        return "{}. {}. {}: {}, {}.".format(self.author,self.title,self.location,self.publisher,self.year)
        
        
class Article: # a structure that represents a journal article
    """This class represents a journal article-type publication. A journal article has the following attributes: title, author, name of journal, volume number, issue number and year. """
    def __init__(self,title,author,journalName,volume,issue,year):
        self.title = title
        self.author = author
        self.journalName = journalName
        self.volume = volume
        self.issue = issue
        self.year = year
        
    #function for an article to cite itself in APA format
    def citeApa(self): 
        return "{} ({}). {}. {}, {}({}).".format(self.author,self.year,self.title,self.journalName,self.volume,self.issue)
        
        
    #function for an article to cite itself in MLA format
    def citeMla(self): 
        return "{}. \"{}.\" {} {}.{} ({}).".format(self.author,self.title,self.journalName,self.volume,self.issue,self.year)        
        
        
class Webpage: # a structure that represents a web page
    """This class represents a webpage-type publication. A web page has the following attributes: title, URL and the date of download. """
    def __init__(self,title,url,date):
        self.title = title
        self.url = url
        self.date = date
        
    #function for a web page to cite itself in APA format
    def citeApa(self): 
        return "{}. Retrieved {}, from {}.".format(self.title,self.date,self.url)
        
    #function for a web page to cite itself in MLA format
    def citeMla(self): 
        return "\"{}.\" Web. {} <{}>.".format(self.title,self.date,self.url)
        
#create an instance that represents the famous book "Midnight's Children"        
rushdie = Book("Midnight's Children","Salman Rushdie","Jonathan Cape","London",1980)

#create an instance that represents a journal article by Turing
turing = Article("Computing machinery and intelligence","A. M. Turing", "Mind", 59, 236, 1950)

#create an instance that represents a web page
ccis = Webpage("CCIS at Northeastern University","https://www.ccis.northeastern.edu/","10th August 2018")

########################## Tests ######################

#tests for publications defined in an OO manner

import unittest

class OOPublicationTests(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        #create an instance that represents the famous book "Midnight's Children"        
        rushdie = Book("Midnight's Children","Salman Rushdie","Jonathan Cape","London",1980)

        #create an instance that represents a journal article by Turing
        turing = Article("Computing machinery and intelligence","A. M. Turing", "Mind", 59, 236, 1950)

        #create an instance that represents a web page
        ccis = Webpage("CCIS at Northeastern University","https://www.ccis.northeastern.edu/","10th August 2018")
        
    def test_citeApa(self):
        self.assertEquals("Salman Rushdie (1980). Midnight's Children. London: Jonathan Cape.",rushdie.citeApa())

        self.assertEquals("A. M. Turing (1950). Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind, 59(236).",turing.citeApa())

        self.assertEquals("CCIS at Northeastern University. Retrieved 10th August 2018, from https://www.ccis.northeastern.edu/.",ccis.citeApa())
        
    def test_citeMla(self):
        self.assertEquals("Salman Rushdie. Midnight's Children. London: Jonathan Cape, 1980.",rushdie.citeMla())

        self.assertEquals("A. M. Turing. \"Computing machinery and intelligence.\" Mind 59.236 (1950).",turing.citeMla())
        
        self.assertEquals("\"CCIS at Northeastern University.\" Web. 10th August 2018 <https://www.ccis.northeastern.edu/>.",ccis.citeMla())
        
suite = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(OOPublicationTests)
unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite)